The second are the strands of mathematical proficiency specified in the National Research Council’s report Adding It Up: adaptive reasoning, strategic competence, conceptual understanding (comprehension of mathematical concepts, operations and relations), procedural fluency (skill in carrying out procedures flexibly, accurately, efficiently and appropriately), and productive disposition (habitual inclination to see mathematics as sensible, useful, and worthwhile, coupled with a belief in diligence and one’s own efficacy).Ĭ8 1 Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them. The first of these are the NCTM process standards of problem solving, reasoning and proof, communication, representation, and connections. These practices rest on important “processes and proficiencies” with longstanding importance in mathematics education. The Standards for Mathematical Practice describe varieties of expertise that mathematics educators at all levels should seek to develop in their students. Standards for Mathematical Practice Print this page

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